Precise radial velocity measurements of G and K giants. Multiple systems and variability trend along the Red Giant Branch
We present the results of our radial velocity (RV) measurements of G andK giants, concentrating on the presence of multiple systems in oursample. Eighty-three giants have been observed for 2.5 years with thefiber-fed echelle spectrograph FEROS at the 1.52 m ESO telescope in LaSilla, Chile. Seventy-seven stars (93%) of the targets have beenanalyzed for RV variability using simultaneous Th-Ar calibration and across-correlation technique. We estimate the long-term precision of ourmeasurement as better than 25 m s-1. Projected rotationalvelocities have been measured for most stars of the sample. Within ourtime-base only 21 stars (or 27%) show variability below 2\sigma, whilethe others show RV variability with amplitudes up to several kms-1. The large amplitude (several km s-1) andshape (high eccentricity) of the RV variations for 11 of the programstars are consistent with stellar companions, and possibly brown dwarfcompanions for two of the program stars. In those systems for which afull orbit could be derived, the companions have minimum masses from0.6 M\sun down to 0.1 M\sun. To thesemultiple systems we add the two candidates of giant planets alreadydiscovered in the sample. This analysis shows that multiple systemscontribute substantially to the long-term RV variability of giant stars,with about 20% of the sample being composed of multiple systems despitescreening our sample for known binary stars. After removing binaries,the range of RV variability in the whole sample clearly decreases, butthe remaining stars retain a statistical trend of RV variability withluminosity: luminous cool giants with B-V≥1.2 show RV variationswith \sigma_{/lineRV} > 60 m s-1, while giants with B-V< 1.2 including those in the clump region exhibit less variability orthey are constant within our accuracy. The same trend is observed withrespect to absolute visual magnitudes: brighter stars show a largerdegree of variability and, when plotted in the RV variability vs.magnitude diagram a trend of increasing RV scatter with luminosity isseen. The amplitude of RV variability does not increase dramatically, aspredicted, for instance, by simple scaling laws. At least two luminousand cooler stars of the sample show a correlation between RV andchromospheric activity and bisector asymmetry, indicating that in thesetwo objects RV variability is likely induced by the presence of(chromospheric) surface structures.Based on observations collected at the 1.52 m-ESO telescope at the LaSilla Observatory from Oct 1999 to Feb. 2002 under ESO programs and theESO-Observatório Nacional, Brazil, agreement and in part onobservations collected on the Alfred Jensch 2 m telescope of theThüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg.
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Small Amplitude Red Variables in the AAVSO Photoelectric Program: Light Curves and Periods
Small-amplitude red variables (SARVs) are M giants or supergiants whichare pulsating with small amplitudes (up to 2.5 mag) and with time scalesof 20 to 200 days or more. This paper reports on a ten-year study ofabout two dozen SARVs, carried out through the American Association ofVariable Star Observers (AAVSO) photoelectric photometry program. It hasprovided detailed information on the regularity, period and amplitude ofthese stars. Most have well-defined periods in the 20 to 200 day range.Several also have a long secondary period. One (W Boo) appears to havetwo periods with a ratio of 2.3. (SECTION: Stars)
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The southern Vilnius photometric system. I - Transformation to the standard system
This paper is the first in a series on the extension of the Vilniusphotometric system to the southern hemisphere. Observations of a commonset of 73 stars measured in both hemispheres are described and ananalysis of the differences is given.
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Einstein Observatory magnitude-limited X-ray survey of late-type giant and supergiant stars
Results are presented of an extensive X-ray survey of 380 giant andsupergiant stars of spectral types from F to M, carried out with theEinstein Observatory. It was found that the observed F giants orsubgiants (slightly evolved stars with a mass M less than about 2 solarmasses) are X-ray emitters at the same level of main-sequence stars ofsimilar spectral type. The G giants show a range of emissions more than3 orders of magnitude wide; some single G giants exist with X-rayluminosities comparable to RS CVn systems, while some nearby large Ggiants have upper limits on the X-ray emission below typical solarvalues. The K giants have an observed X-ray emission level significantlylower than F and F giants. None of the 29 M giants were detected, exceptfor one spectroscopic binary.
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Walraven photometry of nearby southern OB associations
Homogeneous Walraven (VBLUW) photometry is presented for 5260 stars inthe regions of five nearby southern OB associations: Scorpio Centaurus(Sco OB2), Orion OB1, Canis Major OB1, Monoceros OB1, and Scutum OB2.Derived V and (B - V) in the Johnson system are included.
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IRAS point sources in the Ophiuchus molecular cloud complex - Optical identification
An attempt was made to optically identify 1433 IRAS point sources in a170 sq deg area of the Ophiuchus molecular cloud complex extending about45 pc from rho Oph to the north. Among 652 sources having fluxes of highor middle quality at 12 or 25-micron wavelengths, 577 are identifiedwith stars, four with galaxies, while 71 have no optical candidates to17 or 20 mag at I or R bands. With respect to the sources only detectedat 60 and/or 100 microns, 33 are associated with galaxies and theremainder may be infrared cirrus. On the basis of the detailed study onthe near-infrared Schmidt plates to 17 mag in a 5 x 5 deg area centeredon rho Oph, statistical properties of IRAS point sources are discussedwith emphasis on the correlation with the molecular clouds, making thisstudy useful for future studies of the global star formation in thecloud complex at near infrared or other wavelengths.
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KPNO lunar occultation summary. II
The results from 65 lunar occultation observations between August 1984and July 1986 are discussed. The instrumentation and reductionprocedures used in the study are described. Parameters are given fornine different double/multiple stars and for two stars with measurableangular diameters. Three newly discovered double stars, SAO 77310, SAO79241, and the brighter component of SAO 77837, are examined. Inaddition, a fourth star, the brighter component of SAO 76862, isresolved for the first time.
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E. W. Fick Observatory stellar radial velocity measurements. I - 1976-1984
Stellar radial velocity observations made with the large vacuumhigh-dispersion photoelectric radial velocity spectrometer at FickObservatory are reported. This includes nearly 2000 late-type starsobserved during 585 nights. Gradual modifications to this instrumentover its first eight years of operation have reduced the observationalerror for high-quality dip observations to + or - 0.8 km/s.
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Infrared sources in the ρ Ophiuchus dark cloud region
Not Available
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Radial velocities of southern stars obtained with the photoelectric scanner CORAVEL. III - 790 late-type bright stars
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1985A&AS...59...15A&db_key=AST
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On the Distance of the Scorpio / Centaurus Dark Cloud
Not Available
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Radial velocities of southern HR stars
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1980PASP...92..713B&db_key=AST
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An infrared study of the Ophiuchus dark cloud
A near-infrared survey has been conducted of nearly 18 square degrees ofthe Ophiuchus dark cloud complex. Additional observations have been madeof selected objects found in this survey and of the brighter objectsfound by Grasdalen et al. and by Vrba et al. in this region in order toidentify and study the young stars associated with the cloud. Theseobservations show that very recent star formation has been largelyrestricted to a small region at the center of the dark cloud complex, nomore than a few parsecs in extent. Most of the young stars do not appearto be main-sequence stars. At least three of these objects appear to besurrounded by infrared reflection nebulae. Many of the objects studiedare background K and M giants which can be used to determine thenear-infrared extinction due to the cloud.
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An Emission-Line Object of High Radial Velocity
Not Available
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