Searching for links between magnetic fields and stellar evolution. I. A survey of magnetic fields in open cluster A- and B-type stars with FORS1
Context: .About 5% of upper main sequence stars are permeated by astrong magnetic field, the origin of which is still matter of debate. Aims: . With this work we provide observational material to studyhow magnetic fields change with the evolution of stars on the mainsequence, and to constrain theory explaining the presence of magneticfields in A and B-type stars. Methods: . Using FORS1 inspectropolarimetric mode at the ESO VLT, we have carried out a survey ofmagnetic fields in early-type stars belonging to open clusters andassociations of various ages. Results: . We have measured themagnetic field of 235 early-type stars with a typical uncertainty of 100 G. In our sample, 97 stars are Ap or Bp stars. For thesetargets, the median error bar of our field measurements was 80 G.A field has been detected in about 41 of these stars, 37 of which werenot previously known as magnetic stars. For the 138 normal A and B-typestars, the median error bar was 136 G, and no field was detected in anyof them.
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A CCD Search for Variable Stars of Spectral Type B in the Northern Hemisphere Open Clusters. V. NGC 2169
We present results of a search for variable stars in the field of theyoung open cluster NGC 2169. The General Catalogue of Variable Stars(GCVS, http://www.sai.msu.su/groups/cluster/gcvs/) lists four variablestars in the field we observed, viz., two beta Cep stars, V 916 and V917Ori, an alpha^2CVn variable, V 1356Ori, and an RRc variable, V1154Ori. We find V 916 and V 1154Ori to be constant in light. We confirmthe variability of V 917Ori, but not the period given in GCVS. For thechemically peculiar A0 V Si star V 1356Ori we definitely establish theperiod of 1.565 d, thus settling the uncertainty persisting in theliterature since the star was discovered to be variable. In addition, wefind two other stars to be variable in light. Both show irregularvariations.For V 917Ori, one of the two GCVS beta Cep variables, we determine aperiod of 0.267 d (frequency 3.7477d^-1). However, prewhitening withthis period leaves a significant amount of the star's light-variationunaccounted for. Since the star shows emission at Hα, wehypothesize that the unaccounted for variation is caused by an erratic,Be-type activity. As to the periodic term, we consider three hypotheses:(1) beta Cep-type pulsation, (2) rotational modulation of the lambda Eritype, and (3) ellipsoidal variation due to distorted primary componentin a close binary system. After deriving the star's effectivetemperature from Stromgren indices and the luminosity from the distancemodulus of the cluster, we show that while the third hypothesis isuntenable, the first two should be retained. However, neither isentirely satisfactory.For a number of stars we provide the V magnitudes. For 14 brighteststars in our field we also obtain the photometric alpha-index, a measureof the Hα equivalent width. From the alpha index, we detect mildemission at Hα in two stars, V 917Ori and NGC 2169-8.
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New periodic variables from the Hipparcos epoch photometry
Two selection statistics are used to extract new candidate periodicvariables from the epoch photometry of the Hipparcos catalogue. Theprimary selection criterion is a signal-to-noise ratio. The dependenceof this statistic on the number of observations is calibrated usingabout 30000 randomly permuted Hipparcos data sets. A significance levelof 0.1 per cent is used to extract a first batch of candidate variables.The second criterion requires that the optimal frequency be unaffectedif the data are de-trended by low-order polynomials. We find 2675 newcandidate periodic variables, of which the majority (2082) are from theHipparcos`unsolved' variables. Potential problems with theinterpretation of the data (e.g. aliasing) are discussed.
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CCD photometric search for peculiar stars in open clusters. I. NGC 2169, Melotte 105 and NGC 6250
The search for chemically peculiar (CP) stars in open clusters usingphotoelectric photometry sampling the presence of the characteristicflux depression feature at 5200 Å,via the Delta a-system (Maitzen\cite{M76}) has so far delivered data for objects usually no moredistant than 1000 pc from the Sun. A series of fourteen papers (first:Maitzen & Hensberge \cite{M81}; for the time being last: Maitzen\cite{M93}) were devoted to 1240 stars in 38 open cluster fields. If oneintends to study the presence of CP stars at larger distances from theSun, classical photometry has to be replaced by CCD photometry. We havetherefore initialized in 1995 a new survey in open clusters and theLarge Magellanic Cloud using the CCD technology. As a first step, wehave presented new Delta a-photometry of 22 CP2 stars in the galacticfield to prove the capability of CCD photometry for our aim (Maitzen etal. \cite{M97}). In the first paper of a new series devoted to CCDphotometry, we present data on NGC 2169 (13 stars investigated), Melotte105 (114 stars), and NGC 6250 (48 stars). NGC 2169 was used to test ourresults with those of classical photometry which yields excellentagreement. For NGC 6250 we find two new definite CP2 (according to thedefinition by Preston \cite{P74}) stars (Delta a = 0.065 and 0.026 mag)and two lambda Bootis candidates. Twelve objects with only marginallypeculiar Delta a-values for Melotte 105 were detected. Additionalspectroscopic and photometric evidence is needed to substantiate theirpeculiarity. Based on observations at ESO-La Silla, UTSO-Las Campanasand L.~Figl Observatory, Mt. Schöpfl, Austria.
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Absolute proper motions of open clusters. I. Observational data
Mean proper motions and parallaxes of 205 open clusters were determinedfrom their member stars found in the Hipparcos Catalogue. 360 clusterswere searched for possible members, excluding nearby clusters withdistances D < 200 pc. Members were selected using ground basedinformation (photometry, radial velocity, proper motion, distance fromthe cluster centre) and information provided by Hipparcos (propermotion, parallax). Altogether 630 certain and 100 possible members werefound. A comparison of the Hipparcos parallaxes with photometricdistances of open clusters shows good agreement. The Hipparcos dataconfirm or reject the membership of several Cepheids in the studiedclusters. Tables 1 and 2 are only available in electronic form at theCDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
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Vitesses radiales. Catalogue WEB: Wilson Evans Batten. Subtittle: Radial velocities: The Wilson-Evans-Batten catalogue.
We give a common version of the two catalogues of Mean Radial Velocitiesby Wilson (1963) and Evans (1978) to which we have added the catalogueof spectroscopic binary systems (Batten et al. 1989). For each star,when possible, we give: 1) an acronym to enter SIMBAD (Set ofIdentifications Measurements and Bibliography for Astronomical Data) ofthe CDS (Centre de Donnees Astronomiques de Strasbourg). 2) the numberHIC of the HIPPARCOS catalogue (Turon 1992). 3) the CCDM number(Catalogue des Composantes des etoiles Doubles et Multiples) byDommanget & Nys (1994). For the cluster stars, a precise study hasbeen done, on the identificator numbers. Numerous remarks point out theproblems we have had to deal with.
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Uvby-beta photometry of open clusters. IV. NGC 1444, NGC 1662, NGC 2129, NGC 2169 and NGC 7209.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1994RMxAA..28..139P&db_key=AST
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Photoelectric Search for Peculiar Stars in Open Clusters - Part Fourteen - NGC1901 NGC2169 NGC2343 CR:132 NGC2423 and NGC2447
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1993A&AS..102....1M&db_key=AST
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Ubvy + H-beta photometry of the young open clusters NGC 1502 and NGC 2169
This study presents results of a ubvy + H-beta photometric investigationof 22 and 14 stars, in the fields of NGC 1502 and NGC 2169,respectively, including new H-beta measurements for the 22 stars in NGC1502. A comparison with the findings of Perry et al. (1978) and Reimannand Pfau (1987) is discussed, with particular attention to the presenceof systematic errors present in the sequences of instrumental andstandard values. The membership of the observed stars is discussed onthe basis of the available photometric and radial velocity data.
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More radial-velocity measurements in young open clusters
Further high resolution radial-velocity measurements are reported in 23young open clusters using the Kitt Peak CCD coude spectrograph on the0.9-m feed telescope. The radial velocities for the cluster stars arederived with the technique of cross correlation. The internal precisionof the velocity measurements is typically 2 km/s for early type stars.From these new data and previously published velocities, the observedstars in two clusters, NGC 663 and NGC 2287, were found to show arelatively small dispersion in the measured mean velocities. Furtherobservations of stars in young clusters will be useful in helping toestablish an early-type-star-velocity standard system.
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Radial-velocity measurements in 20 young open clusters
The further results of a program to determine the radial velocities ofyoung open clusters are presented. Using the KPNO coude spectrographcoupled with the 1-m feed and 2.1-m telescopes, radial velocities havebeen measured for nearly one hundred stars, most of which are ofspectral type B and A, in 20 young clusters. The combination ofinstruments and the use of cross-correlation techniques show that radialvelocities of B and A type stars as faint as 10th magnitude can bedetermined with an internal precision of less than about 2 km/s. Asexpected, the uncertainties in the velocity determination for the youngclusters are dominated by spectroscopic binary stars in these clusters.A third of the stars in the sample are found to be spectroscopicbinaries, but with a large variation in the frequency of binaries fromcluster to cluster. Because the time coverage is still limited, thisshould be considered a lower limit to the binary frequency. Clustervelocities are determined after eliminating binaries and known nonmemberstars. The new velocities are compared with a model galactic rotationcurve, as well as with previous velocity determinations.
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Trapezium-type wide systems
On the basis of the Smithsonian Observatory Catalogues 15 Trapezium-typesystems are found. Photometric distances are determined for theTrapezium components. A conclusion is drawn on physical relations of thecomponents in the systems. The fact of existence of Trapezium-type largestellar systems confirms the existence of Trapezia with positive totalenergy.
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Equatorial coordinates of double and multiple star components measured on GPO astrographic plates
Equatorial coordinates are given for some of the multiple starcomponents having incomplete or inconsistent information in the IndexCatalog of Visual Double Stars. Two photographic plates were taken foreach system with incomplete or inconsistent information using the GPOastrograph. The plate measurement and reduction techniques used aredescribed.
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A photometric and spectroscopic study of the open cluster NGC 2169.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1978PASP...90...73P&db_key=AST
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Spectral Types in the Open cluster NGC 2169
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1977PASP...89..646A&db_key=AST
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Four-color and H beta photometry of beta CEP stars and their locationin the Hertzsprung-Russel diagram.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1975A&A....41..367S&db_key=AST
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The spectral classification of the beta CEP stars and their location in the theoretical Hertzprung-Russell diagram.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1973A&A....22..229L&db_key=AST
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57th Name-List of Variable Stars
Not Available
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On Beta Cephei Stars: a Search for Beta Cephei Stars
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1967ApJS...14..263H&db_key=AST
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Catalogue des étoiles mesurées dans le système photométrique de l'Observatoire de Genève
Not Available
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Distance Moduli of Open Clusters.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1965ApJS...12..215H&db_key=AST
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Polarization Measurements of the Open Clusters NGC 2169 and 7243
Not Available
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Stellar Spectra in Milky way Regions. VIII. a Region in Orion.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1959ApJS....4...23M&db_key=AST
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The Galactic Cluster NGC 2169.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1956ApJ...123...59C&db_key=AST
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