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uvby - β Photoelectric Photometry of the Open Cluster α Per
Absolute photoelectric photometry of stars in the direction of the OpenCluster α Per has been secured and is presented along with ananalysis reinforced with all the available data in Strömgrenuvby-β photometry compiled from the literature. Cluster membershipis analyzed and the physical characteristics of the stars have beendeduced. The membership determined in this paper is compared with thatof proper motion studies and Hipparcos.
| Precision Kinematics and Related Parameters of the α Persei Open Cluster
A kinematical study of the nearby open cluster α Persei ispresented based on the astrometric proper motions and positions in theTycho-2 catalog and Second USNO CCD Astrographic Catalog (UCAC2). Usingthe astrometric data and photometry from the Tycho-2 and ground-basedcatalogs, 139 probable members of the cluster are selected, 18 of themnew. By the classical convergent point method, systematic motions ofstars inside the cluster and velocity dispersions are estimated. Asdirectly observed, the upper limit on the internal velocity dispersionper coordinate is 1.1 km s-1. The actual velocity dispersionis much smaller than that value, since all of it appears to come fromthe expected errors of the astrometric proper motions. The relativeposition of the convergent point with respect to the cluster starsyields the ``astrometric'' radial velocity, which turns out larger by afew km s-1 than the mean observed spectroscopic radialvelocity. This implies an overall contraction of the cluster. Kinematicparallaxes are computed for each member, and an improved H-R diagram isconstructed. An age of 52 Myr is determined by isochrone fitting. Thestar α Per itself fits an isochrone of this age computed withovershooting from the boundary of the convective zone. The theoreticalmass of the star α Per is 6.65 Msolar. With respect tothe common center of mass, half of the higher mass members (earlier thanG) are located within a radius of 10.3 pc. The cluster appears to beroughly twice as large, or as sparse, as the Pleiades, retainingnonetheless a similar dynamical coherence. The low rate of binaries isanother feature of this cluster, where we find only about 20% of membersto be known or suspected spectroscopic, astrometric, or visual binariesor multiple systems. X-ray emitters in the cluster appear to have thesame dispersion of internal velocities as the rest of the membership.The cluster is surrounded by an extended, sparse halo of comovingdwarfs, which are found by combining the proper-motion data from UCAC2with Two Micron All-Sky Survey infrared photometry. Since many of theseexternal stars are outside the tidal radius, the cluster being in anactive stage of disintegration or evaporation could be considered. Thishypothesis is not supported by the weak compression and thenonmeasurable velocity dispersion found in the kinematic analysis. Asearch for stars ejected from the α Persei cluster is carried outby tracking a large number of nearby stars 70 Myr back in time andmatching their positions with the past location of the cluster. Only oneplausible ejection is found prior to 10 Myr ago. The nearby star GJ 82,an active M dwarf with a strong Hα emission, is likely a formermember ejected 47 Myr ago at 5 km s-1.
| Pulkovo compilation of radial velocities for 35495 stars in a common system.
Not Available
| Kinematics of Hipparcos Visual Binaries. II. Stars with Ground-Based Orbital Solutions
This paper continues kinematical investigations of the Hipparcos visualbinaries with known orbits. A sample, consisting of 804 binary systemswith orbital elements determined from ground-based observations, isselected. The mean relative error of their parallaxes is about 12% andthe mean relative error of proper motions is about 4%. However, even 41%of the sample stars lack radial velocity measurements. The computedGalactic velocity components and other kinematical parameters are usedto divide the stars with known radial velocities into kinematical agegroups. The majority (92%) of binaries from the sample are thin diskstars, 7.6% have thick disk kinematics and only two binaries have halokinematics. Among them, the long-period variable Mira Ceti has a verydiscordant {Hipparcos} and ground-based parallax values. From the wholesample, 60 stars are ascribed to the thick disk and halo population.There is an urgent need to increase the number of the identified halobinaries with known orbits and substantially improve the situation withradial velocity data for stars with known orbits.
| Catalogue of Apparent Diameters and Absolute Radii of Stars (CADARS) - Third edition - Comments and statistics
The Catalogue, available at the Centre de Données Stellaires deStrasbourg, consists of 13 573 records concerning the results obtainedfrom different methods for 7778 stars, reported in the literature. Thefollowing data are listed for each star: identifications, apparentmagnitude, spectral type, apparent diameter in arcsec, absolute radiusin solar units, method of determination, reference, remarks. Commentsand statistics obtained from CADARS are given. The Catalogue isavailable in electronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp tocdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcar?J/A+A/367/521
| Spectroscopy of Hot Stars in the Galactic Halo. II. The Identification and Classification of Horizontal-Branch and Other A-Type Stars
We discuss a spectroscopic and photometric technique that enables theidentification and classification of field horizontal-branch (FHB) andother A-type stars, even from relatively low signal-to-noise ratiomedium-resolution spectra. This technique makes use of broadband UBVcolors predicted from model atmosphere calculations and Balmer lineprofiles and Ca II K equivalent widths determined from synthetic spectrato estimate the physical parameters T_eff, log g, and [Fe/H] for starsin the effective temperature range 6000-10,000 K. A comparison of ourmethod with high signal-to-noise ratio spectra of standard starsindicates a scatter in the derived parameters of sigma(T_eff)=+/-250 K,sigma(log g)=+/-0.14 dex, and sigma([Fe/H])=+/-0.12 dex. This precisionallows for a separation of low surface gravity FHB and other, generallyhigher surface gravity, A-type (and somewhat later) stars. We alsodevelop a synthetic-template comparison technique, which is veryeffective in the identification of metallic-line and peculiar A-typestars. A detailed investigation of the influence of noise in the spectraon the determination of physical parameters shows that, for spectra withsignal-to-noise ratios in the range 10
| Spectrophotometry of 237 Stars in 7 Open Clusters
Spectrophotometry is presented for 237 stars in 7 nearby open clusters:Hyades, Pleiades, Alpha Persei, Praesepe, Coma Berenices, IC 4665, andM39. The observations were taken by Lee McDonald and David Bursteinusing the Wampler single-channel scanner on the Crossley 0.9m telescopeat Lick Observatory from July 1973 through December 1974. Sixteenbandpasses spanning the spectral range 3500 Angstroms to 7780 Angstromswere observed for each star, with bandwidths 32Angstroms, 48 Angstromsor 64 Angstroms. Data are standardized to the Hayes-Latham system tomutual accuracy of 0.016 mag per passband. The accuracy of thespectrophotometry is assessed in three ways on a star-by-star basis.First, comparisons are made with previously published spectrophotometryfor 19 stars observed in common. Second, (B-V) colors and uvby colorsare compared for 236 stars and 221 stars, respectively. Finally,comparsions are made for 200 main sequence stars to the spectralsynthesis models of Kurucz, fixing log g = 4.0 and [Fe/H] = 0.0, andonly varying effective temperature. The accuracy of tests using uvbycolors and the Kurucz models are shown to track each other closely,yielding an accuracy estimate (1 sigma ) of 0.01 mag for the 13 colorsformed from bandpasses longward of the Balmer jump, and 0.02 mag for the3 colors formed from the three bandpasses below the Balmer jump. Incontrast, larger scatter is found relative to the previously publishedspectrophotometry of Bohm-Vitense & Johnson (16 stars in common) andGunn & Stryker (3 stars). We also show that the scatter in the fitsof the spectrophotometric colors and the uvby filter colors is areasonable way to identify the observations of which specific stars areaccurate to 1 sigma , 2 sigma , .... As such, the residuals from boththe filter color fits and the Kurucz model fits are tabulated for eachstar where it was possible to make a comparison, so users of these datacan choose stars according to the accuracy of the data that isappropriate to their needs. The very good agreement between the modelsand these data verifies the accuracy of these data, and also verifiesthe usefulness of the Kurucz models to define spectrophotometry forstars in this temperature range (>5000 K). These data define accuratespectrophotometry of bright, open cluster stars that can be used as asecondary flux calibration for CCD-based spectrophotometric surveys.
| Vitesses radiales. Catalogue WEB: Wilson Evans Batten. Subtittle: Radial velocities: The Wilson-Evans-Batten catalogue.
We give a common version of the two catalogues of Mean Radial Velocitiesby Wilson (1963) and Evans (1978) to which we have added the catalogueof spectroscopic binary systems (Batten et al. 1989). For each star,when possible, we give: 1) an acronym to enter SIMBAD (Set ofIdentifications Measurements and Bibliography for Astronomical Data) ofthe CDS (Centre de Donnees Astronomiques de Strasbourg). 2) the numberHIC of the HIPPARCOS catalogue (Turon 1992). 3) the CCDM number(Catalogue des Composantes des etoiles Doubles et Multiples) byDommanget & Nys (1994). For the cluster stars, a precise study hasbeen done, on the identificator numbers. Numerous remarks point out theproblems we have had to deal with.
| Far-Ultraviolet (912--1900 Angstrom ) Energy Distribution in Early-Type Main-Sequence Stars
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1995ApJ...449..280C&db_key=AST
| The late B-type stars: Refined MK classification, confrontation with stromgren photometry, and the effects of rotation
In the fourth and final of a series of papers on the late B to the earlyF type stars, we refine the Morgan Keenan (MK) spectral classificationsystem for the late B type stars and consider the effect of rotation onboth spectral classification and Stroemgren photometry of these stars.We extend the work of Morgan by establishing self-consistent sequencesof narrow and broadlined standards. We reclassify a number of Bp stars,compare these classifications with Stroemgren photometry and considerthe question of whether all Bp stars are main-sequence objects.
| Seven-Color Photoelectric Photometry of Stars in the Alpha-Persei Open Cluster
Not Available
| Spectroscopic binaries in the Alpha Persei cluster
An average of 16 radial velocity measures for each of the 28 brightest(B3-A2) cluster members and found four binaries was obtained. Theresulting binary frequency of 14 percent is, like the previous 20percent for the B6-A1 stars in the Pleiades, unusually low compared witha typical 30 percent for early-type field stars or with 30 percent ormore in other open clusters. These two clusters are the only known oneswith unusually high mean rotational velocities. It is suspected that themean rotational velocities are high either because these clusters lackshort-period binaries or are not old enough for synchronization ofrotational and orbital velocities to have occurred. The four AlphaPersei binaries are all relatively wide ones (greater than 20 d) andwith small mass ratios (0.1-0.5). The same results apply to the youngOrion Nebula cluster. These results can be explained in terms of theformation of binaries by capture in that during the first free-falltime, capture will produce wide binaries with small mass ratios, as inthe Orion Nebula and Alpha Persei clusters, but repeated captures anddisruptions will produce more closely spaced binaries with many massratios near 1.0, as in IC 4665.
| Membership of low-mass stars in the open cluster Alpha Persei
The results of a combined astrometric, photometric, and spectroscopicsearch for low-mass members in the intermediate-age open cluster AlphaPersei are presented. Over 130 low-mass new members have been identifiedto M(v) about 12.5, almost doubling the previous number of knownmembers. The new membership information suggests a slight upwardrevision of Alpha Per's age to about 8 x 10 exp 7 yr. Alpha Per isnoticeably spatially elongated in a direction parallel to the Galacticplane, most likely due to tidal deformation. Analysis of thedistribution of relative H-alpha emission strengths among Alpha Permembers confirms the view that the mean H-alpha strength decreases inincreasingly older systems. Allowing for survey incompleteness, onecannot reject the idea that the luminosity function is consistent withthe field luminosity function to M(v) about 9 or 10.
| Absolute magnitudes of B emission line stars - Correlation between the luminosity excess and the effective temperature
A new determination of the visual absolute magnitude of Be stars iscarried out. For this, a new calibration of visual absolute magnitudesof B stars of luminosity classes, V, IV, and III is first obtained froma sample of 215 stars. The absolute luminosity excess in the visual isdetermined for a sample of 49 Be stars. It is found that this excess iscorrelated with the effective temperature of the underlying stars. Awell defined correlation between this excess and the emission in thefirst two Balmer lines is established. From these results, using asimple model of circumstellar envelope, it is inferred that the zones ofthe circumstellar envelope contributing to the emission in the continuumand in the lines have to be rather small. It is also deduced that theemission measure of the envelope is correlated with the temperature ofthe central star and that the irregular photometric variations of Bestars are an envelope-opacity phenomenon.
| The measurement of precise radial velocities of early type stars
Methods are discussed which have made it possible to measure radialvelocities to within 1-3 km/s for O, B, and A spectral-type stars of allv sin i. The methods are based on the premise that neither the spectraltype nor the rotation velocity of a star need be well known prior to thevelocity measurement. This makes them particularly suitable for surveystudies or programs dealing with very heterogeneous samples of earlystars. Observations of early type members of the Pleiades and AlphaPersei open clusters at 3787 A shown that the radial-velocity zero pointused here for the early type stars is consistent with that for late-typestars to about 1 km/s for all spectral types and projected rotationvelocities.
| Starbursts, binary stars, and blue stragglers in local superclusters and groups. I - The very young disk and young disk populations
The distributions in the HR diagram with theoretical time-constant locifor stars in several young clusters and superclusters are compared todemonstrate that 'blue stragglers' in these aggregates are mostfrequently simply single massive (mode B) stars formed in bursts of starformation that occur at discrete intervals in time following theformation of the bulk of the low-mass (mode A) stars in the aggregate.The characteristics of the close binary systems in these aggregates areexamined to show that, in several cases, mass transfer by Roche lobeoverflow has or will occur and that, in some instances, the system wouldhave appeared as a blue straggler prior to the mass-transfer event, and,in other instances, mass transfer will lead to the identification of thesystem as a blue straggler. Thus, it is concluded that the bluestraggler phenomenon has at least two distinct physical origins: it mayoriginate from delayed formation (starbursts) or from 'delayedevolution' in some close binaries (mass transfer from an evolvedprimary).
| Effects of rotation on the colours and line indices of stars. I - The Alpha Persei Cluster
Analysis of the available observational data for the Alpha-Perseicluster members shows that rotation effects on the intermediate-bandindices c1 and (u-b) are considerable. In c1, rotation produces areddening of 0.040 magnitudes per 100 km/s. In (u-b), the effect for Bstars is found to be 0.06 magnitudes per 100 km/s of V sin i. Thebinaries and peculiar stars are found to behave differently in the colorexcess (due to rotation) versus V sin i diagrams. These empiricaleffects can be utilized to recalibrate these color indices and also toseparate members that are either chemically peculiar or in binarysystems.
| Merged log of IUE observations.
Not Available
| Photoelectric search for CP2-stars in open clusters. XII - Alpha Persei, Praesepe and NGC 7243
Observations of 95 stars in the open clusters Alpha Persei, Praesepe,and NGC 7243 have been performed by Delta-a photometry in order tosearch for the presence of the 5200-A feature of CP2 (or CP4) stars.Although peculiarity has been claimed for half a dozen stars in AlphaPersei, the photometry detects only the CP4 star (= He-weak) HL 985among the cluster members. The behavior of 3 Be/shell stars (HL 861,1164, 904) concerning the 5200-A feature is discussed. Praesepe, by farthe oldest cluster in the survey program, presents a very new andspecial case: 3 stars, previously classified as Am have Delta-a valuesaround 0.020 mag, i.e., they exhibit photometric peculiarity likeCP2-stars. Such values are incompatible with preceding results for fieldand cluster Am-stars (= CP3). These objects deserve further attentionboth photometrically and spectroscopically. NGC 7243 exhibits anoutstanding high frequency of CP2-stars; two certain Delta a-peculiarstars have been found: L 370, already known as peculiar, and the newlyidentified L 114. Two stars are near the detection level: L 58 and 121.According to Geneva photometry, L 487 is markedly peculiar.
| Radial velocity measurements. II - Ground-based observations of the program stars for the HIPPARCOS satellite
New radial velocities for 446 stars of magnitude 9.0 or brighter in 1616-sq-deg fields of the Northern Hemisphere are determined by automaticPDS measurement of 80-A/mm-dispersion spectra obtained at theObservatoire de Haute Provence using a 17-cm-diameter objective prism.The fields were selected to provide data for the input catalog of theESA Hipparcos astrometric satellite. The measurement techniques andprecision are discussed, and the results are presented in extensivetables and graphs.
| Visual multiples. VIII - 1000 MK types
A total of 1000 new classifications are given for stars brighter than B= 8.0 mag in the Aitken double star catalog. The classificationssupplement 865 classifications obtained in 1981 and 1984. Among thenewly discovered stars are 12 new Ap stars, eight Lambda Bootis stars,one Ba II star, and 60 Am stars. A detailed list of the newclassifications is given.
| Apparent radii and other parameters for 416 B5 V-F5 V stars of the catalogue of the Geneva Observatory
Apparent radius, visual brightness, effective temperature and absoluteradius for 416 B5 v-F5 v stars of the catalogue of the GenevaObservatory (Rufener, 1976) have been determined. Twenty-eight stars,anomalous in log a" versus (m~)o diagrams, have been singled out. A goodcorrelation for seven stars, in common with the list of Hanbury Brown etal. (1974), has been found. Similar parameters determined for 279 B5v-F5 v stars of two preceding papers (Fracassini et al., 1973, 1975)have allowed us to determine the averaged diagrams , and versus (B -V)0 for 695 B5 v-F5 v stars. Moreover, in the present paper a goodcorrelation versus and carefulrelation = -7.40 + 3.31 for B5v-F5 V stars have been determined. Plain correlations between log R/R0and blanketing parameter m2 for some spectral types seem to point outthat there are real differences in the absolute radii of stars of thesame spectral type, in agreement with recent researches on the HRdiagram (Houck and Fesen, 1978). Systematic differences between double(spectroscopic and visual) and single stars are found. In particular,the averaged relation versus shows that A2v-F5 v double stars may have a higher metallicity index m2 and smallerabsolute radii than single stars. Finally, the diagram log v sin iversus log R/R0 confirms some properties of binary systems found byother researchers (Huang, 1966; Plavec, 1970; Levato, 1974; Kitamura andKondo, 1978)
| Spectral types in the alf Per cluster.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1978PASP...90..692A&db_key=AST
| Stellar rotation on the zero age main sequence
Analysis of rotational velocities of unevolved members in clustersindicates that for a given mass the dispersion in the true rotationalvelocities is small for normal, single main-sequence stars. The envelopeof highest rotation of rich clusters and associations is utilized toderive the rotational velocities on the zero age main sequence. It issuggested (1) that the zero age main-sequence rotation curve defines thestar's stability against fission and (2) that the frequency ofspectroscopic binaries in a cluster is determined by the total angularmomentum available to the gas cloud before fragmentation.
| Evidence for a rotational reddening in early B-type stars.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1975A&A....42..471M&db_key=AST
| Four-color and H beta photometry for open clusters. 10. The alf Per cluster.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1974AJ.....79..687C&db_key=AST
| La classification stellaire BCD : parametre caracteristique DU type spectral calibration EN magnitudes absolues.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1973A&A....23...69C&db_key=AST
| NGC 2516 and the Pleiades Group
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1972ApJ...173...63E&db_key=AST
| The H-R diagram of the alf Per cluster.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1971AJ.....76..242M&db_key=AST
| The radial velocities., luminosities of 77 stars in the field of the alf Per cluster.
Not Available
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Observation and Astrometry data
| Constellation: | Persée |
| Right ascension: | 03h34m12.97s |
| Declination: | +48°37'02.9" |
| Apparent magnitude: | 7.379 |
| Distance: | 278.552 parsecs |
| Proper motion RA: | 22.5 |
| Proper motion Dec: | -27.2 |
| B-T magnitude: | 7.396 |
| V-T magnitude: | 7.381 |
Catalogs and designations:
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