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Abundance difference between components of wide binaries. II. The southern sample
Aims.We present high-precision iron abundance differences for 33 widebinaries with similar components. They were observed with the FEROSspectrograph at ESO, looking for abundance anomalies due to theingestion of metal rich material of a planetary origin. Methods:.An optimized data analysis technique and the high quality of thespectra allowed us to achieve an error of about 0.02 dex for pairs withsmall temperaure differences. Results: . We found one case (HIP64030 = HD 113984) with a large (0.27 dex) abundance difference. Theprimary of this binary appears to be a blue straggler, and the abundancedifference might be due to the peculiar evolution of the star. A fewother pairs show small abundance differences (≤0.09 dex). In a fewcases these differences suggest the ingestion of a small amount of metalrich material, but in others they are likely spurious, because of thelarge temperature difference, high level of magnetic activity, ordifferent evolutionary phases between the components. Some cases ofabundance differences involving pairs with warm (Teff ≥6000 K) primaries might be due to the diffusion of heavy elements;dedicated theoretical models for the stellar parameters of the targetswould be welcome. Conclusions: . This study confirms ourpreliminary result based on analysis of 23 pairs (Desidera et al. 2004)that the occurrence of large alterations in stellar abundances caused bythe ingestion of metal rich, rocky material is not a common event. Forat least 65% of the pairs with components warmer than 5500 K, the limitson the amount of rocky material accreted by the program stars arecomparable to the estimates of rocky material accreted by the Sun duringits main-sequence lifetime.
| Spectroscopic characterization of a sample of southern visual binaries
Aims.We present the spectroscopic characterization of 56 pairs of visualbinaries with similar components, based on high resolution spectraacquired with FEROS at ESO La Silla. Methods: .For all stars, wemeasured radial and rotational velocities and CaII H&K emission. Results: .Five previously unknown double lined spectroscopic binarieswere found. Six other pairs show velocity differences that are notcompatible with the orbital motion of the wide pair, indicating thepresence of further companion(s) in the system. The fraction of visualbinaries that contain additional spectroscopic components is27±10%, compatible with other literature estimates. The ages ofthe components of the pairs derived from chromospheric activitytypically show apparent differences of about 0.2 dex. A few pairs show arather large difference in activity level, but in most cases this isconsistent with the variability of chromospheric emission observed forthe Sun along its magnetic cycle.
| Spectroscopic Properties of Cool Stars (SPOCS). I. 1040 F, G, and K Dwarfs from Keck, Lick, and AAT Planet Search Programs
We present a uniform catalog of stellar properties for 1040 nearby F, G,and K stars that have been observed by the Keck, Lick, and AAT planetsearch programs. Fitting observed echelle spectra with synthetic spectrayielded effective temperature, surface gravity, metallicity, projectedrotational velocity, and abundances of the elements Na, Si, Ti, Fe, andNi, for every star in the catalog. Combining V-band photometry andHipparcos parallaxes with a bolometric correction based on thespectroscopic results yielded stellar luminosity, radius, and mass.Interpolating Yonsei-Yale isochrones to the luminosity, effectivetemperature, metallicity, and α-element enhancement of each staryielded a theoretical mass, radius, gravity, and age range for moststars in the catalog. Automated tools provide uniform results and makeanalysis of such a large sample practical. Our analysis method differsfrom traditional abundance analyses in that we fit the observed spectrumdirectly, rather than trying to match equivalent widths, and wedetermine effective temperature and surface gravity from the spectrumitself, rather than adopting values based on measured photometry orparallax. As part of our analysis, we determined a new relationshipbetween macroturbulence and effective temperature on the main sequence.Detailed error analysis revealed small systematic offsets with respectto the Sun and spurious abundance trends as a function of effectivetemperature that would be inobvious in smaller samples. We attempted toremove these errors by applying empirical corrections, achieving aprecision per spectrum of 44 K in effective temperature, 0.03 dex inmetallicity, 0.06 dex in the logarithm of gravity, and 0.5 kms-1 in projected rotational velocity. Comparisons withprevious studies show only small discrepancies. Our spectroscopicallydetermined masses have a median fractional precision of 15%, but theyare systematically 10% higher than masses obtained by interpolatingisochrones. Our spectroscopic radii have a median fractional precisionof 3%. Our ages from isochrones have a precision that variesdramatically with location in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. We planto extend the catalog by applying our automated analysis technique toother large stellar samples.
| Chromospheric Ca II Emission in Nearby F, G, K, and M Stars
We present chromospheric Ca II H and K activity measurements, rotationperiods, and ages for ~1200 F, G, K, and M type main-sequence stars from~18,000 archival spectra taken at Keck and Lick Observatories as a partof the California and Carnegie Planet Search Project. We have calibratedour chromospheric S-values against the Mount Wilson chromosphericactivity data. From these measurements we have calculated medianactivity levels and derived R'HK, stellar ages,and rotation periods from general parameterizations for 1228 stars,~1000 of which have no previously published S-values. We also presentprecise time series of activity measurements for these stars.Based on observations obtained at Lick Observatory, which is operated bythe University of California, and on observations obtained at the W. M.Keck Observatory, which is operated jointly by the University ofCalifornia and the California Institute of Technology. The KeckObservatory was made possible by the generous financial support of theW. M. Keck Foundation.
| Abundance difference between components of wide binaries
We present iron abundance analysis for 23 wide binaries with mainsequence components in the temperture range 4900-6300 K, taken from thesample of the pairs currently included in the radial velocity planetsearch on going at the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG) using the highresolution spectrograph SARG. The use of a line-by-line differentialanalysis technique between the components of each pair allows us toreach errors of about 0.02 dex in the iron content difference. Most ofthe pairs have abundance differences lower than 0.02 dex and there areno pairs with differences larger than 0.07 dex. The four cases ofdifferences larger than 0.02 dex may be spurious because of the largererror bars affecting pairs with large temperature difference, cold starsand rotating stars. The pair HD 219542, previously reported by us tohave a different composition, here is shown to be normal. Fornon-rotating stars warmer than 5500 K, characterized by a thinnerconvective envelope and for which our analyis appears to be of higheraccuracy, we are able to exclude in most cases the consumption of morethan 1 Earth Mass of iron (about 5 Earth masses of meteoritic material)during the main sequence lifetime of the stars, placing more stringentlimits (about 0.4 Earth masses of iron) in five cases of warm stars.This latter limit is similar to the estimates of rocky material accretedby the Sun during its main sequence lifetime. Combining the results ofthe present analysis with those for the Hyades and Pleiades, we concludethat the hypothesis that pollution by planetary material is the onlymechanism responsible for the highest metallicity of the stars withplanets may be rejected at more than 99% level of confidence if theincidence of planets in these samples is as high as 8% and similar tothe field stars included in current radial velocity surveys. However,the significance of this result drops considerably if the incidence ofplanets around stars in binary systems and clusters is less than a halfof that around normal field stars.Based on observations made with the Italian Telescopio Nazionale Galileo(TNG) operated on the island of La Palma by the Centro Galileo Galileiof the INAF (Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica) at the SpanishObservatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisicade Canarias.The equivalent widths are only available in electronic form at the CDSvia anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/420/683
| The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the Solar neighbourhood. Ages, metallicities, and kinematic properties of 14 000 F and G dwarfs
We present and discuss new determinations of metallicity, rotation, age,kinematics, and Galactic orbits for a complete, magnitude-limited, andkinematically unbiased sample of 16 682 nearby F and G dwarf stars. Our63 000 new, accurate radial-velocity observations for nearly 13 500stars allow identification of most of the binary stars in the sampleand, together with published uvbyβ photometry, Hipparcosparallaxes, Tycho-2 proper motions, and a few earlier radial velocities,complete the kinematic information for 14 139 stars. These high-qualityvelocity data are supplemented by effective temperatures andmetallicities newly derived from recent and/or revised calibrations. Theremaining stars either lack Hipparcos data or have fast rotation. Amajor effort has been devoted to the determination of new isochrone agesfor all stars for which this is possible. Particular attention has beengiven to a realistic treatment of statistical biases and errorestimates, as standard techniques tend to underestimate these effectsand introduce spurious features in the age distributions. Our ages agreewell with those by Edvardsson et al. (\cite{edv93}), despite severalastrophysical and computational improvements since then. We demonstrate,however, how strong observational and theoretical biases cause thedistribution of the observed ages to be very different from that of thetrue age distribution of the sample. Among the many basic relations ofthe Galactic disk that can be reinvestigated from the data presentedhere, we revisit the metallicity distribution of the G dwarfs and theage-metallicity, age-velocity, and metallicity-velocity relations of theSolar neighbourhood. Our first results confirm the lack of metal-poor Gdwarfs relative to closed-box model predictions (the ``G dwarfproblem''), the existence of radial metallicity gradients in the disk,the small change in mean metallicity of the thin disk since itsformation and the substantial scatter in metallicity at all ages, andthe continuing kinematic heating of the thin disk with an efficiencyconsistent with that expected for a combination of spiral arms and giantmolecular clouds. Distinct features in the distribution of the Vcomponent of the space motion are extended in age and metallicity,corresponding to the effects of stochastic spiral waves rather thanclassical moving groups, and may complicate the identification ofthick-disk stars from kinematic criteria. More advanced analyses of thisrich material will require careful simulations of the selection criteriafor the sample and the distribution of observational errors.Based on observations made with the Danish 1.5-m telescope at ESO, LaSilla, Chile, and with the Swiss 1-m telescope at Observatoire deHaute-Provence, France.Complete Tables 1 and 2 are only available in electronic form at the CDSvia anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/418/989
| Late-type members of young stellar kinematic groups - I. Single stars
This is the first paper of a series aimed at studying the properties oflate-type members of young stellar kinematic groups. We concentrate ourstudy on classical young moving groups such as the Local Association(Pleiades moving group, 20-150Myr), IC 2391 supercluster (35Myr), UrsaMajor group (Sirius supercluster, 300Myr), and Hyades supercluster(600Myr), as well as on recently identified groups such as the Castormoving group (200Myr). In this paper we compile a preliminary list ofsingle late-type possible members of some of these young stellarkinematic groups. Stars are selected from previously established membersof stellar kinematic groups based on photometric and kinematicproperties as well as from candidates based on other criteria such astheir level of chromospheric activity, rotation rate and lithiumabundance. Precise measurements of proper motions and parallaxes takenfrom the Hipparcos Catalogue, as well as from the Tycho-2 Catalogue, andpublished radial velocity measurements are used to calculate theGalactic space motions (U, V, W) and to apply Eggen's kinematic criteriain order to determine the membership of the selected stars to thedifferent groups. Additional criteria using age-dating methods forlate-type stars will be applied in forthcoming papers of this series. Afurther study of the list of stars compiled here could lead to a betterunderstanding of the chromospheric activity and their age evolution, aswell as of the star formation history in the solar neighbourhood. Inaddition, these stars are also potential search targets for directimaging detection of substellar companions.
| Non-interacting main-sequence binaries with different chemical compositions: Evidences of infall of rocky material?
We performed a careful differential abundance analysis of individualcomponents of six main sequence binaries with separations of a fewhundreds of AU. To reduce analysis concerns, we selected systems withalmost equal mass components. We were able to derive differentialabundances of several elements with errors down to 0.01 dex in the bestcases. We found that in four systems the two components have the samechemical composition, within these very severe limits. However, cleardifferences were found for the two remaining systems (HD 219542 and HD200466), in both cases the primaries being more Fe-rich than thesecondaries, by 0.091+/- 0.009 and 0.053+/- 0.024 dex respectively.Similar differences were found for most of the elements considered inour analysis; however, we found no appreciable difference for volatileelements and a trend for increasing abundance differences withincreasing condensation temperature for individual elements, a resultsimilar to that found for some single stars with planets by Smith et al.(\cite{Smith01}). Finally, we note that HD 219542A has a Li-abundancecomparable to those of Li-rich stars in old open clusters, while no Liis detected in the slightly cooler HD 219542B. We suggest that theprimaries of these two systems have accreted rocky planets or the innerdust-rich part of a protoplanetary disk, likely due to gravitationalperturbation caused by the presence of the companion. Based onobservations made with the Italian Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG)operated on the island of La Palma by the Centro Galileo Galilei of theCNAA (Consorzio Nazionale per l'Astronomia e l'Astrofisica) at theSpanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto deAstrofisica de Canarias. Table 1 is only available in electronic form atthe CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp: //cdsweb .u-strasbg .fr/ cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/377/123
| The Vienna-KPNO search for Doppler-imaging candidate stars. I. A catalog of stellar-activity indicators for 1058 late-type Hipparcos stars
We present the results from a spectroscopic Ca ii H&K survey of 1058late-type stars selected from a color-limited subsample of the Hipparcoscatalog. Out of these 1058 stars, 371 stars were found to showsignificant H&K emission, most of them previously unknown; 23% withstrong emission, 36% with moderate emission, and 41% with weak emission.These spectra are used to determine absolute H&K emission-linefluxes, radial velocities, and equivalent widths of theluminosity-sensitive Sr ii line at 4077 Ä. Red-wavelengthspectroscopic and Strömgren y photometric follow-up observations ofthe 371 stars with H&K emission are used to additionally determinethe absolute Hα -core flux, the lithium abundance from the Li i6708 Å equivalent width, the rotational velocity vsin i, theradial velocity, and the light variations and its periodicity. Thelatter is interpreted as the stellar rotation period due to aninhomogeneous surface brightness distribution. 156 stars were found withphotometric periods between 0.29 and 64 days, 11 additional systemsshowed quasi-periodic variations possibly in excess of ~50 days. Further54 stars had variations but no unique period was found, and four starswere essentially constant. Altogether, 170 new variable stars werediscovered. Additionally, we found 17 new SB1 (plus 16 new candidates)and 19 new SB2 systems, as well as one definite and two possible new SB3systems. Finally, we present a list of 21 stars that we think are mostsuitable candidates for a detailed study with the Doppler-imagingtechnique. Tables A1--A3 are only available in electronic form at theCDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/Abstract.html
| Vitesses radiales. Catalogue WEB: Wilson Evans Batten. Subtittle: Radial velocities: The Wilson-Evans-Batten catalogue.
We give a common version of the two catalogues of Mean Radial Velocitiesby Wilson (1963) and Evans (1978) to which we have added the catalogueof spectroscopic binary systems (Batten et al. 1989). For each star,when possible, we give: 1) an acronym to enter SIMBAD (Set ofIdentifications Measurements and Bibliography for Astronomical Data) ofthe CDS (Centre de Donnees Astronomiques de Strasbourg). 2) the numberHIC of the HIPPARCOS catalogue (Turon 1992). 3) the CCDM number(Catalogue des Composantes des etoiles Doubles et Multiples) byDommanget & Nys (1994). For the cluster stars, a precise study hasbeen done, on the identificator numbers. Numerous remarks point out theproblems we have had to deal with.
| CCD astrometry and instrumental {DELTA}V photometry of wide visual double stars. IV. Differential measurements of northern pairs.
We present relative positions and instrumental visual magnitudedifferences ({DELTA}V) of 101 northern wide double star components. Themean accuracy of the magnitude differences is 0.01 magnitudes, of theangular separation 0.04 arcseconds, and of position angle 0.13 degrees.Most of the programme pairs are targets of the HIPPARCOS mission andthey have been often observed during the last 150 years.
| Stroemgren photometry of F- and G-type stars brighter than V = 9.6. I. UVBY photometry
Within the framework of a large photometric observing program, designedto investigate the Galaxy's structure and evolution, Hβ photometryis being made for about 9000 stars. As a by-product, supplementary uvbyphotometry has been made. The results are presented in a cataloguecontaining 6924 uvby observations of 6190 stars, all south ofδ=+38deg. The overall internal rms errors of one observation(transformed to the standard system) of a program star in the interval6.5
| A preliminary compilation of DS-programme star positions
A catalog is presented of the double-star-program (DS-program) starpositions, listing right ascensions for 930 DSs and declinations for1225 DSs of the program. The positions were compiled from the observedvalues obtained between 1980 and 1987 with the meridian circles of sixUSSR observatories (the Moscow, Kazan', Kiev, Khar'kov, Odessa, andTashkent Observatories) and the Belgrade Observatory. The measurementsand the treatment of the observational material were performed using therelative method, and the FK-4 system stars were used as reference stars.
| A second list of wide visual binaries
Not Available
| A second list of wide visual binaries
Not Available
| Photographic measures of visual binaries
A total of 152 photographic measures of selected visual binaries,carried on with the astronometric reflector of the Observatory ofTorino, are given (5th series). The measures are the result of acritical selection among the observations, rejecting those havingdeviations from the mean larger than 3 sigma = 80 marcsec.
| Photographic Measures of Visual Double Stars
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1983A&AS...51...63P&db_key=AST
| Photographic measures of double stars.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1978A&AS...31..121A&db_key=AST
| Photoelectric radial velocities. IV. 528 7 to 10 mag stars in the +15degree selected areas.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1971MNRAS.155....1G&db_key=AST
| Mass ratios of photographically unresolved visual binaries.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1971AJ.....76...73F&db_key=AST
| Catalog of Indidual Radial Velocities, 0h-12h, Measured by Astronomers of the Mount Wilson Observatory
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1970ApJS...19..387A&db_key=AST
| Photographic measures of doubles stars.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1964AJ.....69..762G&db_key=AST
| Measures of double stars.
Not Available
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