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An accurate determination of the distance to the Pipe nebula
Aims.We seek an accurate distance to the Pipe nebula. Methods: TheB-band linear polarimetry collected for stars from the Hipparcoscatalogue is used to investigate the dependence of the measuredinterstellar polarization as a function of the star's trigonometricparallax. Results: The linear polarization obtained for 82 Hipparcosstars in the general direction of the Pipe nebula are presented andanalysed. The distribution of the obtained position angles suggests theexistence of two polarizing components. One of them has low averagecolumn density and seems to be closer than ~70 pc to the Sun, while theother component has a higher column density and seems to belong to avery extended interstellar structure. The obtained parallax-polarizationdiagram indicates a low degree of polarization for stars withπH > 8 mas, while a steep rise in polarization isobserved for stars with πH ≈ 7 mas, corresponding to adistance of approximately 140 pc. Conclusions: Our analysis suggests adistance of 145 ± 16 pc to de Pipe nebula, meaning that thiscloud is part of the Ophiuchus dark cloud complex. There is evidencethat the largest filament of the Pipe nebula has collapsed along themagnetic field lines, indicating that magnetic pressure plays animportant role in the evolution of this cloud.Based on observations collected at Observatório do Pico dos Dias,operated by Laboratório Nacional de Astrofísica (LNA/MCT,Brazil). Tables 1 and 2 are only available in electronic form athttp://www.aanda.org
| Proper-motion binaries in the Hipparcos catalogue. Comparison with radial velocity data
Context: .This paper is the last in a series devoted to the analysis ofthe binary content of the Hipparcos Catalogue. Aims: .Thecomparison of the proper motions constructed from positions spanning ashort (Hipparcos) or long time (Tycho-2) makes it possible to uncoverbinaries with periods of the order of or somewhat larger than the shorttime span (in this case, the 3 yr duration of the Hipparcos mission),since the unrecognised orbital motion will then add to the propermotion. Methods: .A list of candidate proper motion binaries isconstructed from a carefully designed χ2 test evaluatingthe statistical significance of the difference between the Tycho-2 andHipparcos proper motions for 103 134 stars in common between the twocatalogues (excluding components of visual systems). Since similar listsof proper-motion binaries have already been constructed, the presentpaper focuses on the evaluation of the detection efficiency ofproper-motion binaries, using different kinds of control data (mostlyradial velocities). The detection rate for entries from the NinthCatalogue of Spectroscopic Binary Orbits (S_B^9) is evaluated, as wellas for stars like barium stars, which are known to be all binaries, andfinally for spectroscopic binaries identified from radial velocity datain the Geneva-Copenhagen survey of F and G dwarfs in the solarneighbourhood. Results: .Proper motion binaries are efficientlydetected for systems with parallaxes in excess of ~20 mas, and periodsin the range 1000-30 000 d. The shortest periods in this range(1000-2000 d, i.e., once to twice the duration of the Hipparcos mission)may appear only as DMSA/G binaries (accelerated proper motion in theHipparcos Double and Multiple System Annex). Proper motion binariesdetected among S_B9 systems having periods shorter than about400 d hint at triple systems, the proper-motion binary involving acomponent with a longer orbital period. A list of 19 candidate triplesystems is provided. Binaries suspected of having low-mass(brown-dwarf-like) companions are listed as well. Among the 37 bariumstars with parallaxes larger than 5 mas, only 7 exhibit no evidence forduplicity whatsoever (be it spectroscopic or astrometric). Finally, thefraction of proper-motion binaries shows no significant variation amongthe various (regular) spectral classes, when due account is taken forthe detection biases.Full Table [see full textsee full text] is only available in electronicform at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5)or via http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/464/377
| Statistical Constraints for Astrometric Binaries with Nonlinear Motion
Useful constraints on the orbits and mass ratios of astrometric binariesin the Hipparcos catalog are derived from the measured proper motiondifferences of Hipparcos and Tycho-2 (Δμ), accelerations ofproper motions (μ˙), and second derivatives of proper motions(μ̈). It is shown how, in some cases, statistical bounds can beestimated for the masses of the secondary components. Two catalogs ofastrometric binaries are generated, one of binaries with significantproper motion differences and the other of binaries with significantaccelerations of their proper motions. Mathematical relations betweenthe astrometric observables Δμ, μ˙, and μ̈ andthe orbital elements are derived in the appendices. We find a remarkabledifference between the distribution of spectral types of stars withlarge accelerations but small proper motion differences and that ofstars with large proper motion differences but insignificantaccelerations. The spectral type distribution for the former sample ofbinaries is the same as the general distribution of all stars in theHipparcos catalog, whereas the latter sample is clearly dominated bysolar-type stars, with an obvious dearth of blue stars. We point outthat the latter set includes mostly binaries with long periods (longerthan about 6 yr).
| A large, complete, volume-limited sample of G-type dwarfs. I. Completion of Stroemgren UVBY photometry
Four-colour photometry of potential dwarf stars of types G0 to K2,selected from the Michigan Spectral Catalogues (Vol. 1-3), has beencarried out. The results are presented in a catalogue containing 4247uvby observations of 3900 stars, all south of δ = -26deg. Theoverall internal rms errors of one observation (transformed to thestandard system) of a program star in the interval 8.5 < V < 10.5are 0.0044, 0.0021, 0.0039, and 0.0059, respectively, in V, b-y, m_1_ ,and c_1_. The purpose of the catalogue, combined with earliercatalogues, is to allow selection of a large, complete, volume-limitedsample of G- and K-type dwarfs, investigate their metallicitydistribution, and compare it to predictions of various models ofgalactic chemical evolution. Future papers in this series will discussthese subjects.
| A photometric catalogue of stars in the direction of the bright cloud B in Sagittarius
The present catalog includes photometric data on stars in a 5.5 deg x5.5 deg area in the direction of the bright cloud B in Sagittarius,centered at l equals 357.7 deg, b equals plus 5.6 deg. V magnitudes andB-V and U-B colors are reported for nearly all HD and HDE stars in thefield and also for a number of interesting stars (402 stars), 21 propermotion stars, and 45 stars in a 15 arcmin radius circular regioncentered on the galactic cluster Trumpler 26 (Tr 26). Furthermore,photographic B, V, R, and IR magnitudes are listed for 274 stars in thefield of Tr 26. These data will be used for further studies ofinterstellar absorption in the Galaxy's central direction in relation tospecific objects (red variable stars, star clusters, diffuse objects).
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