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Discovery and analysis of p-mode and g-mode oscillations in the A-type primary of the eccentric binary HD 209295*
We have discovered both intermediate-order gravity mode and low-orderpressure mode pulsation in the same star, HD 209295. It is thereforeboth a γ Doradus and a δ Scuti star, which makes it thefirst pulsating star to be a member of two classes. The analysis of our128h of multisite spectroscopic observations carried out over twoseasons reveals that the star is a single-lined spectroscopic binarywith an orbital period of 3.10575+/-0.00010d and an eccentricity of0.352+/-0.011. Only weak pulsational signals are found in both theradial velocity and line-profile variations, but we have succeeded inshowing that the two highest-amplitude γ Doradus pulsation modesare consistent with l=1 and |m|=1. These two modes dominated our 280h ofBVIC multisite photometry, also obtained over two seasons. Wedetected altogether ten frequencies in the light variations, one in theδ Scuti regime and nine in the γ Doradus domain. Five of theγ Doradus frequencies are exact integer multiples of the orbitalfrequency. This observation leads us to suspect they are tidallyexcited. Attempts to identify modes from the multicolour photometryfailed. We performed model calculations and a stability analysis of thepulsations. The frequency range in which δ Scuti modes are excitedagrees well with observations. However, our models do not showexcitation of γ Doradus pulsations, although the damping issmaller in the observed range. We also investigated tidal excitation ofγ Doradus modes. Some of the observed harmonics of the orbitalperiod were found to be unstable. The observed orbital harmonics whichare stable in the models can be understood as linear combinations of theunstable modes. We could not detect the secondary component of thesystem in infrared photometry, suggesting that it may not be amain-sequence star. Archival data of this star show that it has a strongultraviolet (UV) excess, the origin of which is not known. The orbit ofthe primary is consistent with a secondary mass ofM>1.04Msolar, which is indicative of a neutron star,although a white dwarf companion is not ruled out.
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